• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An improved low voltage vacuum switch is detailed which is operable to interrupt high D.C. continuous currents at voltages below the arc potential. An improved arc shield is provided which ensures that the switch can withstand significant D.C. overvoltages across the contacts when the switch is in the open position, even after repeated switch operation. The arc shield means comprises spaced-apart generally conic shield extending in parallel relationship from opposed ends of the switch with substantial overlap of the conic shields. These conic shields are disposed at an angle relative to the switch axis and minimize the chance for vaporized contact material to reach and condense upon the switch insulator body portion.
    公开号:SU1003776A3
    申请号:SU792845239
    申请日:1979-11-16
    公开日:1983-03-07
    发明作者:А.Сальваторе Леонард
    申请人:Вестингхауз Электрик Корпорейшн (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    I
    The invention relates to low voltage vacuum switches that are commonly used in electrical chemical process equipment as short circuits for selectively bypassing a separate series-connected electrolytic cell. Many such electrolytic cells are connected in series to a DC power source that provides a current of several thousand amperes with a total power voltage of about 400 V DC.
    The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a vacuum short circuit of electric circuits of direct current, comprising an annular body made of insulating material, to the ends of which two flexible corrugated diaphragms with central holes are attached, in which cylindrical contacts with current leads are attached, however, after switching on the short circuits The contact material precipitates the arc’s annular shield, resulting in a drop in resistance along
    ceramic insulating housing and under certain conditions, it is not possible the breakdown of the vacuum short circuit. This can cause damage to it.
    The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the shorting switch while at the same time increasing its service life.
    ten
    The goal is achieved by the fact that a vacuum short circuitor of electric circuits of direct current, containing an annular body of insulating material, to the ends of which are attached two flexible corrugated diaphragms with centrifugal openings in which cylindrical contacts with current leads are attached,
    20 is provided with a screen located inside the case between the lateral sides of the cylindrical contacts and the annular case, the screen is made in the form of two truncated cones. Different heights, arranged concentrically so that their sides are parallel between the frame and form an acute angle with the longitudinal axis of the short bushing cone smaller base
    30 | connected to one of the cylindrical
    contacts, which is the anode, and the outer truncated cone of a large base is connected to the end of the ring body.
    A short circuit breaker can be provided with a disc-shaped annular screen, which is located inside the case between the corrugated diaphragm and the large base of the inner truncated cone, while a cylindrical contact is located in the opening of the annular screen, which is the cathode.
    Figures 1 and 2 depict embodiments of a short-cut, section.
    The vacuum shorting device contains an annular insulating body 1 ,; which is preferably made of ceramic. A pair of cylindrical contacts 2 and 3 with current leads 4 and
    5 and a pair of flexible annular corrugated diaphragms b and 7 with an annular body 1 form a short-circuit housing. The inner surface of the corresponding part of the diaphragm 6 and 7 is soldered with hard solder to the corresponding cylindrical contacts 2 and 3, which pass through the diaphragm. On each end surface 8 and 9 of the annular body 1, a metallized surface is provided, and the outer surface of the diaphragm parts
    6 and 7 soldered with hard solder
    to these metallized surfaces 8 and 9. The current leads 4 and 5 are fixed at the respective ends of the cylindrical contacts 2 and 3 to provide an electrical connection of the short circuit to the electrical buses. These buses allow a short-circuit to shunt the electrolytic cell, in parallel to which a short-circuit connector is connected.
    The screen is made in the form of two truncated cones - different heights. The inner cone 10 and outer cone 11 are concentrically located inside the switch. The inner cone 10 has a leg of the support 12, which is connected and supported by one cylindrical contact 3. The cone 10 extends from this leg of the support 12 at an acute angle to the switch axis towards the opposite flexible diaphragm 6. The angle between the leg of the support 12 and the conical screen is L0 °, so that the conical screen is located at an angle of 30 relative to the axis of the switch.
    The outer cone 11 has a leg of the support 13, which is connected to the metallized surface 8 on the end surface of the annular insulator. The outer cone 11 is located parallel to the inner cone 10, but in the opposite direction to the flexible diaphragm 7.
    In parallel, the spaced inner and outer conical screens substantially overlap in length and thereby provide an S-shaped path between the arc contacts and the annular insulating body.
    The evaporating contact material is sprayed out from the arc between the contacts when they open and, as shown in FIG. 1, are deflected when the inner cone 10 of the screen 10 is pushed towards the flexible diaphragm 6. The contact material that does not condense on the diaphragm 6 has a tendency condensation on the conical screens and will deviate from the opposite diaphragm 7 before it can reach the inner surface of the annular insulator to condense on it.
    The inner and outer cones 10 and 11 of the screen are predominantly metal elements that have a thermal expansion characteristic consistent with the solder connection of the leg of the support 13 to the metallized end of the surface of the ring insulator. Of metals, iron-nickel with high concentration is of particular advantage for the manufacture of the screen. nickel (42-46%).
    In the open position, the distance between the ends of the arc-forming surface of the cylindrical contacts is about 0.32 cm. The gap between the conductive parts of the switch, which are connected to the O from the positive sides of the switch, exceeds 0.32 cm and is usually 0.47 see. Thus, the conical shields are parallel but displaced toward this distance. The ends of the respective conical screens are likewise displaced from the opposite portions of the diaphragms 6 and 7 in a similar manner by the same size. These gaps provide an exception to the arc path through the switch. I
    The switch structure shown in Fig. 2 is basically the same as that of Fig. 1, with the addition of a disc-shaped annular screen 14. The annular screen 14 is connected and supported by a cylindrical contact 2, which is opposite to contact 3, from which the inner cone of the screen extends. The screen 14 is protective for the diaphragm 6, from which it is displaced by a small distance. The evaporating contact material, directed by the inner cone 10 of the screen, will collide with the screen: 14 rather than with the flexible diaphragm 6, and condense on the screen 14. For a conventional compact short circuit with a short axial length, the inner conical screen will be shortened so that to make room and space for
    screen 14. The conical shape of the percutaneous parts that form the arc screen makes these parts structurally rigid, which ensures the maintenance of the correct position and position in space during high-temperature production processes.
    The inner cone 10 of the shield is connected to a cylindrical contact, which is an anode. The sprayed contact material is sprayed mainly from contact with the most positive potential, i.e. from the anode switch as a result of the electron bombardment of this contact.
    The connected inner cone of the screen should be in the immediate vicinity of the 6 m source spraying material as the condensation surface.
    For newer short-circuits, the resistance of the insulating body is in the order of 1 MΩ. For short-circuit shapers with an annular arc screen, after 50 switchings, the resistance of the ring insulator may be from several hundred to several thousand ohms.
    The proposed shorting device will operate several hundred times at very high currents, and the resistance of the ring insulator will be maintained at about 1 MΩ. A breakdown will not occur even when the voltage of 400 V is applied to the short circuit.
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    Claims; 1. Vacuum short circuit. DC power circuits, 40
    containing an annular body of insulating material, to the ends of which two flexible corrugated diaphragms with central openings are attached, in which cylindrical contacts with current leads are attached, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the short circuit, while increasing its life
    0 service, it is equipped with a screen located inside the case between the lateral sides of the cylindrical contacts and the ring case, the screen looks out in the form of two truncated cones of different
    5 are located concentrically so that their sides are parallel to each other and form an acute angle with the longitudinal axis of the shorting plug, and the inner truncated cone is connected to the smaller base by a smaller base.
    0 of the cylindrical contacts is the anode, and the outer truncated cone is connected to the end of the ring body with a large base.
    five
    [2]
    2. A shorting dispenser according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a disc-shaped annular shield, which is located inside the housing between the corrugated diaphragm
    0 and a large base of the inner truncated cone, while a cylindrical contact is located in the hole of the annular screen, which is a ka method.
    five
    Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR patent in application 2480908/07, cl. H 01 H 33/66, 1977,
    6
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    SU1003776A3|1983-03-07|Dc network vacuum short-circuiting device
    US3185800A|1965-05-25|Vacuum type circuit interrupter with improved vapor-condensing shielding
    US3818164A|1974-06-18|Vacuum type electric circuit breaker
    US4471184A|1984-09-11|Vacuum interrupter
    US3643047A|1972-02-15|Series double break rod array vacuum switch
    US4216360A|1980-08-05|Low voltage vacuum switch with internal arcing shield
    US4491704A|1985-01-01|Vacuum circuit interrupter having vacuum monitoring apparatus
    CA1111883A|1981-11-03|Low voltage vacuum switch with three internal contacts including a center floating contact
    US3997748A|1976-12-14|Vacuum interrupter with primary electrode surrounded by high dielectric strength shield
    US3748521A|1973-07-24|Environmentally controlled video tube socket assembly utilizing spark gap unit
    US4847456A|1989-07-11|Vacuum circuit interrupter with axial magnetic arc transfer mechanism
    US3356894A|1967-12-05|Multiple stage cascaded triggered vacuum gap devices
    US4661665A|1987-04-28|Vacuum interrupter and method of modifying a vacuum interrupter
    US1716931A|1929-06-11|Electric discharge device
    US4737605A|1988-04-12|Vacuum switching tube
    US4672259A|1987-06-09|Power spark gap assembly for high current conduction with improved sparkover level control
    US3958854A|1976-05-25|Spark gap apparatus
    EP3378084B1|2021-08-25|Maximizing wall thickness of a cu-cr floating center shield component by moving contact gap away from center flange axial location
    US4760223A|1988-07-26|Vacuum circuit interrupter
    US3471734A|1969-10-07|Periodic electrode structure for vacuum gap devices
    CA1319730C|1993-06-29|Vacuum-type circuit interrupter
    US4072837A|1978-02-07|High continuous current vacuum-type circuit interrupter
    US1919987A|1933-07-25|Vacuum circuit interrupting apparatus
    US3858076A|1974-12-31|Vacuum-type circuit interrupter with interleaving spiral electrodes
    US3432713A|1969-03-11|High current vacuum gap devices with slotted electrode vanes
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    IT7941645D0|1979-11-14|
    GB2035697A|1980-06-18|
    IT1124479B|1986-05-07|
    CA1118474A|1982-02-16|
    US4216361A|1980-08-05|
    DE2944286A1|1980-05-29|
    IN151852B|1983-08-20|
    JPS5572326A|1980-05-31|
    JPS6330727B2|1988-06-20|
    GB2035697B|1983-03-23|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    RU2613683C2|2012-01-26|2017-03-21|Абб Текнолоджи Аг|Screening element for medium voltage switchgear|US1819154A|1928-08-22|1931-08-18|Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co|Vacuum circuit breaker|
    US2863027A|1956-03-30|1958-12-02|Jennings Radio Mfg Corp|Vacuum switch|
    US2943167A|1958-12-29|1960-06-28|Bendix Aviat Corp|Miniature sealed pressure switch|
    GB1185872A|1967-01-25|1970-03-25|Ass Elect Ind|Improvements in or relating to Vacuum Electric Devices|
    US3792214A|1972-01-28|1974-02-12|Westinghouse Electric Corp|Vacuum interrupter for high voltage application|
    DE2260587A1|1972-12-11|1974-06-12|Siemens Ag|VACUUM SWITCHING TUBE|
    JPS548354Y2|1973-03-13|1979-04-17|
    US3996473A|1974-05-08|1976-12-07|Dresser Industries, Inc.|Pulsed neutron generator using shunt between anode and cathode|
    US4072837A|1975-12-29|1978-02-07|General Electric Company|High continuous current vacuum-type circuit interrupter|
    ZA767617B|1976-01-19|1977-11-30|Westinghouse Electric Corp|An improvement in or relating to low voltage vacuum shorting switch|
    DE2733822A1|1977-07-27|1979-02-01|Rietdorf & Hatzfeld Ohg Paveg|Water heater for vehicle windscreen washers - uses semi-cylindrical heat exchanger with concave heat transfer surface|US4426560A|1980-11-13|1984-01-17|Westinghouse Electric Corp.|Reduced pressure electrical switch|
    DE3343918A1|1983-12-05|1985-06-13|Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München|VACUUM SWITCH FOR THE LOW VOLTAGE AREA, IN PARTICULAR LOW VOLTAGE PROTECTION|
    DE3623457A1|1986-07-11|1988-01-14|Siemens Ag|VACUUM SWITCH TUBES|
    DE3718531A1|1987-05-29|1988-08-11|Slamecka Ernst|Vacuum switch|
    DE19623733B4|1996-06-14|2007-07-05|Ritter Starkstromtechnik Gmbh & Co|High current switch|
    DE19802893A1|1998-01-21|1999-07-22|Siemens Ag|Low-voltagevacuum circuit-breaker vacuum interrupter chamber with ring-shaped insulator|
    DE19910148C2|1999-02-26|2001-03-22|Siemens Ag|Vacuum interrupter with annular isolator|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US05/961,789|US4216361A|1978-11-17|1978-11-17|Low voltage vacuum switch with plural conic shields about the contacts|
    [返回顶部]